United States v. Valigura

54 M.J.187 (2000)

Facts

D agreed to sell marijuana to an undercover military police investigator. She received payment upon delivery of the drug. The only two co-conspirators named in the conspiracy specification are D and the undercover investigator. Everything said and done by that investigator indicated a concurrence of purpose with that of D; and the action of the two persons would also have suggested to any observer that an agreement had been reached. D was convicted and appealed. The court of appeals overturned the conviction for conspiracy. The United States Appealed, and a question was certified as to whether the unilateral or bilateral theories of conspiracy applied to the UCMJ.