Ps are five minor children aged two to eight who, through their guardian, are bringing actions against their mothers (Ds) for emotional and psychological injury caused by failure of Ds to perform their parental duties to Ps. The complaints are substantially identical, each one being in three counts. They allege that Ds failed to support, nurture, and care for their children. Ps brought suit against their mothers for emotional and psychological injuries caused by failure of each of the mothers to perform their parental duties. There were claims for violation of an Oregon criminal statute, for failure to maintain them, abandonment, and neglect. P appealed a dismissal of the case from a demurrer.