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Latin. For one ought to know with whom he contracts. Some obligations are neither binding nor prestable, because of the position of the person granting them, and this phrase expresses the rule of law on which action is refused even to a bona fide holder of such an obligation. Thus, in the case of a debt incurred by a married woman for goods furnished to her without the consent of her husband and not necessary to her, no action will lie against her husband for the amount, because the seller should have known the position of the person with whom he contracted, and that, ...