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This section contains the nature of the case and procedural background.

Ps sought Social Security disability and/or supplemental security income (SSI) benefits. Each applicant was denied and an ALJ upheld the decision to deny benefits. Ps sought judicial review of the denial of benefits. While the appeals were pending, Ps moved to raise an issue they had not raised during the administrative hearing process-an Appointments Clause challenge to the ALJs' appointments. Ps argued that a constitutional problem exists here that entitles them to new hearings before a legitimate ALJ. D argued that the claimants forfeited review of the issue because they failed to raise it during their administrative hearings. The District Court affirmed. Ps appealed.

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