Congress passed the AFLA as a scheme for providing grants to public or nonprofit private organizations for services and research in the area of premarital adolescent sexual relations and pregnancy. The Act requires grant applicants to describe how they will involve families or adolescents, religious and charitable organizations, voluntary associations and other groups in the private sector as well as services provided by publicly sponsored initiatives. It is undisputed that a number of grantees or subgrantees were organizations with institutional ties to religious denominations. The District Court concluded that AFLA was unconstitutional on its face.